Urea

Urea is a naturally occurring compound found in the skin’s Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF) the group of substances that keep the skin hydrated, soft, and elastic.

In cosmetic formulations, Urea is used as both a humectant (moisture binder) and a keratolytic agent (exfoliant). It helps the skin retain water by attracting moisture from the environment and also works to loosen and break down hardened protein bonds (keratin) in rough or dry skin areas, allowing for better absorption of other actives.

INCI Name: Urea

⚗️Function

• Humectant: Attracts and binds moisture to the skin.
• Keratolytic: Softens and loosens rough, flaky skin.
• Skin conditioning: Improves texture, softness, and elasticity.
• Enhances penetration: Increases absorption of other actives.

💧Solubility

Water Soluble

Insoluble in oil

👉 Add to the water phase of formulations or dissolve in warm distilled water before use.

Avoid heating above 50°C to prevent degradation.

⚖️Usage Rate

Moisturizers & Lotions: 2% – 10%

Hand & Foot Creams: 5% – 20%

Exfoliating Creams / Callus Removers: 10% – 30%

Hair & Scalp Treatments: 1% – 5%

⚗️Formulation pH Range

Stable between pH 4.0 – 7.0

⚙️Compatibility

✅ Works Well With:

Glycerin, Sodium PCA, Sodium Lactate (for hydration synergy)

Panthenol, Allantoin, and Aloe Vera (for soothing formulations)

Niacinamide, Hyaluronic Acid, and Ceramides